Reves Fellow day和学生们从头开始建立关系
大卫每天 could just oversee a couple of one-week medical clinics in the Dominion Republic and Nicaragua each year, pass out medicine and free advice the way it’s been done forever and claim satisfaction.
And Aday’s platoon of students could just tag along, buying into the rationale that at least they were doing 的东西 for what the William & Mary professor calls “the poorest of the poor, the most marginalized of the marginalized.”
But Aday isn’t into easy or shallow. 最初为两个复杂的国际服务项目招募他的那些学生，以及他们的后继者，都是如此。
If they wanted easy and feel-good, they wouldn’t hike up and over three mountaintops in Nicaragua to knock on doors and get to know the people of one of the country’s most remote regions a whole lot better.
They wouldn’t build communication by continually sifting their questions like flour and analyzing the answers, time and again, to make certain they know what’s vitally important to the people of the Dominican Republic village of Paraiso.
在一个飞速发展的世界里，阿戴和他的学生们正在一步步地为建立21世纪持久的关系制定新的路线图。
Aday, professor of 社会学 and 美国研究, and 安·玛丽·斯托克, associate professor of 现代语言文学, were awarded the first Reves Center 教师 Fellowships last spring. The fellowships, Aday’s for International Service Learning, Stock’s for International Student-教师的研究, run for two years. 其中包括每年5000美元的研究基金或工资津贴，以及去年夏天和2010年夏天6000美元的学生支持资金。
“What the Reves Fellowship has allowed me to do is to take a relatively small amount of money and get enormous mileage out of it,” Aday said recently. “I use it to support my students in each country, and here back home.”
(Editor’s note: A profile and video of Professor Stock and her work with Cuban filmmakers will appear here in the near future.)
“The basic principle is that if you’re not generating resources with what you’re doing, it’s probably not sustainable,” he continued. “If you bring in resources, they get consumed and then they’re gone. If you bring in solutions, once you leave, it’s likely they fail. So we try to figure out what small steps or strategies we and the community can do to partner with the clinics we put on to keep improving health care, one step at a time.”
It’s an endeavor that requires extraordinary patience, expertise in the most delicate intricacies of diplomacy and selflessness toward people so close to the edge of survival that they’re far more likely to compete than cooperate for what meager resources exist.
“Part of our challenge is to find ways to demonstrate to them that collective or cooperative efforts would actually benefit everyone more than the hard-scrabble, individual, do-the-best-you-can strategy,” Aday said.
Five years ago, Aday was asked to serve as faculty advisor for a medical mission project to the Dominican Republic – SOMOS (Student Organization for Medical Outreach and Sustainability). 学生们想做的不仅仅是分发药品，所以阿戴开始教授一门强调人种学研究和社区建设的研讨会。 一年后，第二个项目出现了，学生们请Aday为该项目提供建议和教学研讨会。 该项目以尼加拉瓜为基地，最初被称为“健康社区学生”。 But the name was recently changed to MANOS: Medical Aid Nicaragua – Outreach Scholarship.
“It’s the students, and their recognition that they needed to connect this to their education in order to make it 的东西 with lasting value, that’s at the core of everything,” Aday explained. “If I were trying to recruit students, it’d never work. It only works because these students get it and came looking for a solution and I got lucky enough to be standing in the way.”
过去的四年。 多米尼加共和国SOMOS项目每年为圣多明各外的帕莱索社区提供医疗诊所。 通过与弗吉尼亚联邦大学医学院的一个社区卫生项目合作，每年一月的诊所已经扩大。 今年，SOMOS将在1月、6月和11月举办诊所。 在6月和11月，威廉与玛丽学院的学生将协助并充当该村与弗吉尼亚州立大学联合提供的医生之间的联络人。 SOMOS的学生在一月诊所工作，并在帕莱索从事人种学研究和项目建设。 多达六人将在夏季回国，花三到十周的时间进行更深入、更广泛的研究。 Reves奖学金支持这些学生和他们的研究。
MANOS项目只落后了半步，现在已经完成了三年的临床和研究，并准备在2010年3月开始第四年的工作。
学生们筹集的资金用于支持诊所使用的药品和用品，以及他们的旅行、饮食和住宿费用。 Working with their medical partner, Dr. Mark Ryan, ’96, students recruit medical professionals, including physicians, nurses and pharmacists. 他们还参加了为期一个学期的研讨会，学习民族志研究技术、核心概念、社区能力建设模式，以及一些有关国际发展的背景文献。
总的来说，每年的诊疗费和交通费约为14 000美元，在帕莱索平均为700人提供免费医疗咨询和免费药品，在库耶平均为300人提供免费药品。
在夏季，学生们在社区和校园里进行研究，继续努力了解社区，他们的资源，以及小规模健康改善战略的前景。 Those who remain in Williamsburg develop research protocols, analyze data from interviews and observations, and summarize project efforts in preparation for the coming year’s work.
“Just putting on a clinic is like putting a band-aid on cancer,” Aday said. “It’s not going to make much of a difference long term.”
在帕莱索就什么能产生长期影响达成共识是一个令人痛苦的缓慢过程。 这里几乎没有基础设施、电力、自来水和管道。 道路很少。
在尼加拉瓜的Cuje地区，问题几乎相同，但由于人口稀少，分布在50平方英里的山顶，问题变得更加复杂。
以两项基本必需品为例：饮用水和防洪。 多米尼加共和国和尼加拉瓜的社区两者都没有。 Some villagers must buy their water off trucks, money they can ill afford to spend for water they’re not sure is safe to drink. During the dry season in Cuje, it’s not uncommon for people to walk nearly an hour down a mountain path, fill a jar with water, and walk back up the mountain, twice a day.
水很可能被污染了。
在冬季，洪水是疾病传播的一个主要因素。
所有人都认识到这些都是巨大的问题。 Some people think it’s the government’s responsibility to solve them. 另一些人则不相信政府，相信上帝会供应他们的需要。
“They feel overmatched by the problems and uncertain of what could be done without significant help and outside resources,” Aday admitted.
He doesn’t want to instruct villagers, doesn’t want them agreeing to suggestions just to humor the Americans, or because they pass out free medicine in the hosted clinics.
“We worry a lot about ownership of the problem and the solution, so we’re not ever going to try to insist on a solution or force a solution,” Aday said. “We want the ideas to come from them though we know we have to be a resource to promoting those ideas or solutions.
“The students and I are deeply involved in a complicated conversation about how we do that 下一个 step . . . I have some students on the project who say, ‘Hey, maybe we should let them figure out what they need and help them.’ And we have others who say, ’Look, if they were capable of doing this they would have already done it.’ We’re trying to figure out what the 下一个 step looks like . . . I’ve never had a project that’s gotten this far as far having all the necessary information to take the 下一个 step. So I’m not entirely certain what the 下一个 step looks like . . . This is uncharted territory.”
这使得传统的目标设定几乎毫无意义。 Aday says that over the 下一个 three years, he is confident that his students will collect enough health data that they’ll be able to track the improvement in health among villagers. 但是会解决哪些具体的健康问题呢？
“That’s real hard to figure out,” he said. “It’s so dependent on the interaction with the community.”
阿戴喜欢的一个项目会带来巨大的好处。 德克萨斯州的一个基金会为糖尿病等慢性疾病提供免费药物治疗，只要有训练有素的非专业医护人员到位。 在村庄的支持下，Aday希望能够招募和培训非专业医护人员，将他们安置在这三家诊所之间，并将他的病例提交给德州基金会。
这种情况何时发生，取决于阿戴、他的学生和他们所服务的人同意以多快的速度向前迈进。
“That’s in our minds,” he said. “It’s not yet in the minds of the community.”